Prostate disease affects many men as they age, often leading to symptoms that disrupt daily life. Treatments range from medications that relax muscles or shrink the gland to surgical and minimally invasive procedures. Knowing which conventional treatments actually work can help someone make informed decisions and avoid unnecessary risks.
Some turn to resources like Ben Ong’s “All About The Prostate” book for guidance, while others rely on medical advice and proven clinical options. This article explores the most common conventional treatments, how they work, and what results they typically deliver, so anyone facing prostate issues can better understand their choices.
Alpha-blockers to relax prostate muscles and improve urine flow
Alpha-blockers are a common prescription for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). They work by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and the bladder neck. This reduces pressure on the urethra and allows urine to pass more easily.
These medicines do not shrink the prostate or stop its growth. Instead, they target muscle tension that contributes to symptoms such as a weak stream, difficulty starting urination, or frequent nighttime trips to the bathroom.
Doctors often choose alpha-blockers because they can act quickly, sometimes within days. However, the degree of improvement can vary from person to person.
Common examples include tamsulosin, doxazosin, terazosin, and alfuzosin. Some patients may experience side effects such as dizziness, headache, or low blood pressure.
Alpha-blockers are usually taken once or twice daily by mouth. They may be used alone or in combination with other medicines if symptoms remain bothersome. This approach focuses on symptom relief rather than altering the underlying prostate size.
5-alpha reductase inhibitors to shrink prostate size
5-alpha reductase inhibitors are prescription medicines that reduce prostate size by blocking the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Lower DHT levels slow prostate growth and may cause the gland to shrink over time.
Two common drugs in this group are finasteride and dutasteride. Both have approval for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and can also lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels by about half.
These medicines usually require several months before noticeable results appear. Studies show they can improve urinary flow and reduce the need for surgery in some men with enlarged prostates.
Possible side effects include reduced sexual desire, trouble with erections, and lower semen volume. These effects may continue after stopping treatment in certain cases.
Doctors often recommend these drugs for men with larger prostate glands or those who do not respond well to other treatments. Regular follow-up helps track effectiveness and monitor any side effects.
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) surgery
TURP is a common surgical procedure used to treat urinary problems caused by an enlarged prostate. The surgeon removes parts of the prostate that block urine flow. This helps reduce symptoms such as a weak urine stream or frequent urination.
The procedure uses a thin instrument called a resectoscope. The surgeon inserts it through the urethra, so no external cuts are needed. The tool allows the surgeon to see inside and cut away excess prostate tissue.
Doctors often recommend TURP for men with moderate to severe symptoms that do not improve with medication. It can also help in cases of bladder stones, repeated urinary infections, or kidney problems caused by blocked urine flow.
Most patients stay in the hospital for one to two days after surgery. A catheter is usually placed for a short time to help drain urine while the area heals. Recovery times vary, but many people notice improved urine flow within weeks.
Prostate Artery Embolization as a minimally invasive option
Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a medical procedure that treats benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing blood flow to parts of the prostate. This causes the gland to shrink over time, which can ease urinary symptoms. An interventional radiologist performs the procedure using image guidance.
PAE does not require cutting or removal of tissue. Instead, the doctor inserts a thin tube into an artery in the groin or wrist and guides it to the arteries supplying the prostate. Small particles are then released to block targeted blood vessels.
Many patients return to normal activities within a few days. Recovery is usually faster than with traditional surgery, and the risk of sexual side effects or urinary incontinence appears lower.
Studies show that PAE can improve urinary flow and reduce the need for frequent urination, especially at night. However, results may vary, and some men may still need medication or other treatments later.
Minimally invasive Optilume BPH device treatment
The Optilume BPH device offers a newer approach for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. It uses a catheter with a small balloon to gently widen the urinary channel in the prostate. Doctors then apply a medication called paclitaxel to help keep the channel open.
This procedure does not require cutting or removing tissue. It aims to reduce urinary symptoms while preserving sexual function. Many patients can return home the same day, which makes it less disruptive than traditional surgery.
The treatment combines mechanical dilation with targeted drug delivery. This dual method addresses both the blockage and the tissue changes that cause symptoms. Studies show it can provide relief that lasts for years in many cases.
Recovery time is usually short, and most men resume normal activities quickly. However, as with any medical procedure, results can vary. Patients should discuss their health history and goals with a doctor before deciding if this option is suitable.
Conventional treatments for prostate disease can address symptoms effectively, but results vary by patient and condition. Medications often provide relief for mild to moderate cases, while surgical methods remain an option for more severe symptoms.
Less-invasive procedures now offer symptom control with fewer side effects compared to older surgeries. However, long-term data for some newer methods is still limited.
Patients benefit most when treatment decisions match the severity of their condition, overall health, and personal preferences. Therefore, a clear discussion with a healthcare provider remains necessary before starting any therapy.
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